REN and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Other pathways of obesity-related CKD involve alteration of adipokines (Briffa et al., 2013), activation of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) (Upadhya et al., 2020), and ectopic lipid accumulation within the kidneys (Escasany et al., 2019) (Figure 2).