NK cells, CD8+ T cells, T helper 1 (Th1) cells, dendritic cells (DCs), M1 TAMs and N1 tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) often played an antitumor role in the TME (Peltanova et al., 2019; Chen et al., 2020; Elmusrati et al., 2021). Here, CD8A is linked to neoplasm.