After adjusting for potential confounders (for example, body mass index (BMI), liver disease), we found that rs190509934:C reduced ACE2 expression by 0.87 s.d. units (95% CI = −1.18 to −0.57, linear regression test P = 2.7 × 10−8; Fig. 3a). This evidence concerns the gene ACE2 and liver disorder.