SPARCL1 and Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy: Among these genes, SPARCL1 expression was downregulated, while the expression of GPC3, MATN3, IGFBP7, TNC, VCAN, and ANXA1 was upregulated in the FECD samples, suggesting that these genes might exert pivotal functions in the occurrence or progression of FECD.