Another study by Prattichizzo et al. provides evidence that CD31+ vesicles (i.e., vesicles specifically from endothelial cells, immune cells, or platelets) from T2DM patients can not only shuttle a discriminatory type 2 diabetic miRNA signature but can also promote proinflammatory pathways in endothelial cells to drive the endothelial dysfunction underlying the many vascular complications associated with type 2 diabetes [76]. The gene discussed is PECAM1; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.