investigated the mRNA levels of IFN-I and IFN-III in nasopharyngeal swabs from 147 patients with COVID-19, and found that a SARS-CoV-2 infection induced the selective upregulation of IFN-λ1 expression in pediatric patients (≤15 years), whereas the mRNA expression levels of IFN-α, IFN-β, and IFN-λ2/3 was unaffected. The gene discussed is IFNB1; the disease is COVID-19.