CASP4 and leprosy: Interestingly, irrespective of the overexpression of NLRP3 and inflammatory caspases-4/5 detected in the lepromatous pole, low expression of caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 were observed in leprosy and therefore these results indicate that NLRP3 inflammasome does not actively contribute to the innate immune response in leprosy, suggesting immune evasion of M. leprae (136).