TNF and pancreatitis: Synthetic drugs including mesalazine and azathioprine, and TNF-α blocker such as infliximab have therapeutic effects on UC, but they also have side effects of inducing pancreatitis, cardiomyopathy, systemic reactions, and sweet syndrome (El-Azhary et al., 2008; Mourad et al., 2015; Correia et al., 2021).