TGFB1 and colorectal carcinoma: In order to verify the activity of PI3K/AKT pathway in CRC is regulated by TGF-β signaling activation status, we treated cells with the inhibitor of TGF-β signaling (SB431542, inhibitor of activinRI and TGFβRI) and found the activity of PI3K/AKT was significantly reduced (Fig. 7h).