Interestingly, microglial VPS35 loss in 5xFAD mice, a well-characterized AD animal model, increases Aβ associated brain pathology, including Aβ insoluble, fibrillar, and plaque forms (Figs. 1, 2), dystrophic neurites (Fig. 3), reactive astrocytes (Additional file 1: Fig. S3) and worse the learning and memory behaviors (Fig. 4). This evidence concerns the gene VPS35 and Alzheimer disease.