KIR3DL1 and viral infectious disease: Strong inhibitory KIR3DL1 ligation has been demonstrated to improve NK cell activation and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), inhibit HIV-1 replication in autologous infected CD4+ T cells, and enhance survival of CD8+ T cells in viral infection (Boelen et al., 2018; Boudreau et al., 2016; Song et al., 2014).