Interestingly, unlike our depressed signature (Fig. 1f, g, Extended Data Fig. 1i), other monocyte related transcriptional signatures known to have lower expression during acute COVID-19, such as genes related to antigen presentation, inflammatory and NF-kB activation, and myeloid suppressor cells19–24, were largely similar between COVR and HC at D0/baseline; vaccination also did not consistently elicit longer-lasting changes in these signatures out to D28 (Extended Data Fig. 5c,d). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is COVID-19.