Meanwhile, flow cytometry and western blot analysis revealed that the effects of ESCCAL-1 overexpression on cell cycle and cell cycle regulators (CDK4, CCND1, and CDKN1A) were abolished, at least in part, by knockdown of Gal-1 in ESCC cells (Fig. 6C, D). Here, CDK4 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.