After 12 weeks of treatment, 11 out of 12 (91.7%) K14-HPV16 mice displayed histological evidence of intraepithelial neoplasia (5 LSIL and 6 HSIL), in keeping with both the increased proliferative index and the thickening of the squamous epithelium lining the external part of the cervix, vagina and vulva (Fig. 7a). Here, KRT14 is linked to intraepithelial neoplasia.