AKT1 and neoplasm: There was a significant increase in p-AKT expression in CD8+ T cells cultured in PD-L1-silenced TCM as compared with that in control and anti-PD-L1-treated groups (p<0.05), indicating that activation of CD8+ T cells may be induced by the increasing p-AKT expression caused by inhibition of PD-L1 secretion from TC-1 tumor cells (figure 4B).