NQO1 and bacterial infectious disease: One validated cellular (metabolic) target of β-lapachone is the NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) subunit of membrane respiratory complex I (47), which has led to the proposition of using lapachones in a variety of indications, including the treatment of tumors, parasites, fungi or bacterial infections, as its target is ubiquitous and essential in bacteria (46).