Sex, congestive heart failure, weight loss, Crohn’s disease, preoperative albumin < 3.5 g/dL and hematocrit < 47%, baseline sepsis, ASA class ≥ 3, open surgery, surgical time ≥ 190 min, post-operative pneumonia, failure to wean from mechanical ventilation, deep venous thrombosis, urinary tract infection, systemic sepsis, surgical site infection and reoperation within 30-days from the primary surgery were the risk factors for prolonged LOS [47]. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is congestive heart failure.