TNF and Sepsis: 2020). It has been documented that MAPKs are upstream activators of NF-κB and act as an important signal in regulating activation of NF-κB, which is associated with inflammation and apoptosis in sepsis. It has been proposed that p38 MAPK plays an important role in the activation and migration of NF-κB to the nucleus, thus activating the activity of NF-κB and promoting the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as IL-1β and TNF-α (Huang B et al. 2018; Cao et al. 2020).