In contrast, Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a key regulator of hypoxia, has been demonstrated to promote the migratory and invasive behavior of glioma cells as well as to induce angiogenesis by regulating the expression of VEGF, PDGFs and PDGFRs (Mendez et al., 2010; Peng et al., 2021). This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and glioma.