BTG3 and chronic hepatitis B virus infection: In this study, no HBV-infected patients had a positive dsDNA antibody titer, while a study by Acay et al. [37] from Turkey found a seropositivity rate of 1.5% (1/67) in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Also, in their study, ANA was positive in 12% of the chronic HBV patients, which was higher than the current research.