These results show that there is an overlap in the polymorphisms which affect IL-18 expression in AKI preterm infants with those in adult patients with kidney transplantation (−137G > C and −607C > A) and with type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis and Chron’s disease (−656G > T, −607C > A and −137G > C) [20–28]. Here, IL18 is linked to type 1 diabetes mellitus.