NLRP3 and Cognitive impairment: Therefore, in the present study, we used two neuroinflammation-associated disease models (i.e., LPS-injected WT mice and Aβ-expressing 5xFAD mice) to examine whether idebenone differentially regulates LPS-primed NLRP3 and Aβ-activated NLRP3 to modulate subsequent neuroinflammatory responses and cognitive impairments.