Conditioned media studies using human T2D skeletal muscle cells have demonstrated that myokines from the skeletal muscle can modulate GSIS in INS-1 832/13 β-cells (46); the presence of myokines could be an explanation for why GSIS was boosted in INS-1 832/13 β-cells treated with CM collected from myotubes overexpressing PAK1. This evidence concerns the gene PAK1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.