Further immune dysfunction will result in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines [e.g., interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), monocyte chelator protein-1 (MCP-1), and gamma interferon (Hempel et al., 2017)] from activated neutrophils and monocytes, along with activation of the complement system (dell'Oglio et al., 2017). This evidence concerns the gene TNF and immune system disorder.