NLRP3 and neurodegenerative disease: The NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in the innate immune system57 and regulates various inflammatory responses in the brain,58,59 with numerous studies demonstrating relationships to stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, neurodegenerative diseases, and WMD.60 Under the pathological conditions of the CNS, microglia are the main source of inflammasome formation.