Meanwhile, in HFD-fed mice model, liver Trim31 mRNA expression levels were negatively correlated with the liver Rhbdf2, serum ALT and AST contents, liver TG, TC and NEFA levels, and NAS score in liver samples by Pearson correlation analyses and corresponding obesity and fatty liver-related indicators analysis (Supplementary Fig. S2a–i). Here, RHBDF2 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.