Components associated with mild and severe but not critical disease included component 256 (upregulation of interferon response genes and downregulation of genes such as catalase and cytochrome c oxidase) which was specific to COVID-19 cases (Figure 7F); and component 42 (features of monocyte/granulocyte proliferation and function, elevated plasma proteins G-CSF, IL-2, IL-8, and IL-15, and enrichment of cell division related pathways) (Figure S9I). Here, CXCL8 is linked to COVID-19.