POLB and cancer: Polymorphisms can lead to biochemical changes, BER deficiency, and predisposition to cancer [84,89,90,91,92]; therefore, an important and urgent task for researchers is to determine the impact of polymorphisms on cancer predisposition and to find possible reasons for this predisposition: a decrease in Polβ activity due to specific point mutations or the influence of these mutations on interactions with other proteins partaking in DNA repair.