TNF and left ventricular hypertrophy: Especially under CKD conditions, FGF23 was reported to affect various adverse events including left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) [72], vascular calcification [73,74], impairment of neutrophil activation [75], induction of the expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in the macrophages [76], and stimulation of the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in the liver [77].