VDR and infection: By constructing knockout mice with specific deletion of VDR in IECs (VDRΔIEC), Paneth cells (VDRΔPC) and myeloid cells (VDRΔLyz), Jilei Zhang et al. analyzed the bacterial and viral composition and metabolites of each group of mice and found that tissue-specific deletion of VDR altered the viral population and functionally changed the viral receptor, which resulted in ecological dysregulation, metabolic dysfunction, and infection risk.