Therefore, our work aimed to analyze the available literature for the relationship between, on the one hand, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in proinflammatory cytokines genes interleukin-1 (IL-1), -6, -8, -15, -17, -18, and -23, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and on the other, RA susceptibility, severity, and patients’ response to applied treatment. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and rheumatoid arthritis.