TAT and Kaposi's sarcoma: In addition, studies conducted in vitro and in patients showed that Tat positively modulates the expression of IC with immunosuppressive activity, including IL-10 [53,54,55,56,57,58], while HHV8-encoded proteins such as vIRF and LANA promote the immune escape by regulating the host responses (reviewed in [59]), indicating that the dysregulation of the immune system is a mechanism by which these viruses contribute to AIDS-KS progression, which, however, appears to be a later event.