TNFRSF1A and acute kidney injury: They found that serum cystatin C (AUC 0.92), trefoil factor-3 (AUC 0.93), tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 TNF-R1 (AUC 0.87), and osteopontin (AUC 0.79) exhibited excellent to outstanding diagnostic abilities for VA-AKI [66].