Marcondes Ávila et al. [41] demonstrated how crucial vagal connections from the gut are for the brain and behaviour since a faecal microbiota transplant from healthy male donor rats to male rats subjected to CUMS reversed anxiety-like behaviours and decreased oxidative damage and inflammatory IL-6 and TNF-α in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus; however, these effects, except for the increased cytokines, did not occur in rats that underwent a vagotomy. Here, TNF is linked to Anxiety.