VAMP8 and infection: Mapping of gene expression changes at different time points by KEGG pathway analysis indicated that key components of the autophagy pathway (either controlling phagophore formation or its fusion with lysosome) were down-regulated early after infection (e.g., LC3, ATG9L, STX17, VAMP8), while others were up-regulated at 48 h (e.g., ATG4, ATG16, BNIP3, DPCP1).