TNF and infection: According to the literature, ASFV can lead to different chemokine/cytokine responses of Mφ after infection in vitro, based on the virulence of the isolate; virulent Georgia 2007 strain was shown to down-regulate the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) and to up-regulate the expression of pro inflammatory cytokines of the TNF family (FASL, TNF, TNFSF4, TNFS10, TNFS13B andTNSF18) [256].