INS and diabetes mellitus: The data were retrieved by searching scientific publications (research and/or review papers) from databases including Science Direct, PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar with keywords such as “diabetes”, “insulin resistance”, “mushroom extracts”, “in vivo and in vitro studies”, etc. A total of 100 publications were collected, including in vivo and in vitro studies (Figure 1), in which 23 common edible mushroom varieties have been identified (Table 1), and further discussion has been carried out based on scientific literature availability on DM.