PLAT and ischemic stroke: Unfortunately, due to the risk of cerebral hemorrhage induced by damage to brain endothelial cells, and potential neurotoxic effects resulting from intravenously infused t-PA, the therapeutic time window (TTW; within 4.5 h after onset of an ischemic stroke) is very narrow, which significantly limits the use of t-PA reperfusion therapy in eligible stroke patients [4,5].