On the other hand, being an effective secondary but not an effective primary secretagogue, SpTx1 will only strongly promote insulin secretion when blood glucose level becomes highly elevated but it will not meaningfully stimulate insulin secretion at a resting level of blood glucose – a desirable outcome unlikely to cause unwanted hyperinsulinemia and hypoglycemia (Asplund et al., 1983). Here, INS is linked to hyperinsulinism.