IL4 and glioma: Subtypes 4 and 5 are enriched for G-CIMP-high samples, although subtype 5 is enriched for mutations in ATRX (post hoc test of residuals for χ2 test, p < 10−5) and shows a higher enrichment for mast cells (Figure 7), which are known to induce release of selective inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-4 (IL-4), with anti-glioma activity, leading to an improved prognosis (Benedetti et al., 2000).