CFL1 and neoplasm: For example, in 2021, Bu's group reported a near-infrared laser-triggered nanoscale H+ supplier composed of upconversion nanoparticles (core) and MIL-88B (shell, for interior photoacids loading) (Fig. 14a).66 After accumulation in tumor cells via the EPR effect, the photoacids loading can improve H+ transients in tumor cells, thus converting the cofilin to an inactive state.