Moreover, it has been noted that two CCR4 ligands -CCL17 and CCL22-, are overexpressed in lymphoid malignancies such as Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) (43), and in many other types of human cancers (44) including ovarian (45), breast (46), esophageal (47) and gastric (48) cancers. Here, CCL17 is linked to cancer.