On the other hand, activation of PRR pathways such as TLR2 and TLR4 may lead to inflammation, promoting HIV replication and accelerating the progression of AIDS, while TLR7 and TLR8 may increase the expression of NF-κB, inhibiting HIV replication and delaying the progression of AIDS in ECs/LTNPs. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is AIDS.