IL17A and atherosclerosis: However, it is worth noting that IL-17 can also promote the production of VSMC collagen, promote plaque stabilization, and inhibit the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (Figure 2) (Erbel et al., 2009; Taleb et al., 2009; Smith et al., 2010; Gisterå et al., 2013; Hansson et al., 2015; Robert and Miossec, 2017).