The results indicated that p-NF-κB, Nrf2 and HO-1 protein expressions were up-regulated in the asthma group, while p-NF-κB expression were down-regulated, while nuclear Nrf2 and HO-1 expression were further up-regulated after 18β-GA(40) treatments(p = 0.014 and p = 0.015, respectively) (Fig. 7). Here, HMOX1 is linked to asthma.