AFP and neoplasm: Figure 5 presents an illustration of the detection scheme. The sensor was shown to be suitable for the simultaneous detection of several tumour markers such as prostate specific antigen (PSA), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) with high specificity and sensitivity. In a related development, Ding et al. reported a biosensor for in vitro detection of human cancer cells, SK-BR3 using a LC-based sensor consisting of 5CB droplets functionalized with Herceptin antibody [99].