TRAF3 and gallstones: In addition, gallbladder carcinogenesis has been strongly associated with specific populations (e.g., Mapuche ancestry), possibly because these populations present some genetic background (e.g., ABCG8 and TRAF3 gene variants) that predispose them to being more susceptible to gallstone formation and hence a greater predisposition to the development GBC, which could explain the high incidence of GBC in this population.