ACE and diabetes mellitus: The HTN+ group comprised patients with a median age of 56 years and was characterized by the common prevalence of CV risk factors, such as hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), and various comorbidities such as prior ischemic stroke, nonobstructive CAD, atrial arrhythmias and chronic symptomatic HF, as well as the frequent use of guideline-based pharmacotherapies such as beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, and diuretics.