ALB and retinal disorder: In the case of diabetic retinopathy (RET), HbA1c (importance 6.1), microalbuminuria (importance 4.7), smokeless tobacco history (importance 2.8), weight (importance 1.9), gender (importance 1.8), urinary creatinine (importance 1.7), and albumin–creatinine ratio (importance 1.7) were found to be significant predictors to classify whether a type 2 diabetes mellitus patient has retinopathy (Figure 5).