NFKB1 and colorectal cancer: Zhang et al. showed an association between Fusobacterium nucleatum and decreased 5-FU efficacy in colorectal cancer models, the proposed mechanism being upregulation of anti-apoptotic signalling and inhibition of 5-FU-induced cell apoptosis, by inducing BIRC3 expression via the TLR4/NF-kB pathway [104].